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 Âûïóñê 110
- Klochkov V., Varyukhina E. Analysis of the aircraft control intelligence efficiency at the airline transport system level
Automation of aircraft control makes it possible to increase flight safety, the availability of air transportation, the quality of air transport services and reduce the impact on the environment. However, to increase the degree of automation, significant costs will be required for the development and implementation of appropriate systems. In order to be able to make a decision on the priority of developing certain aircraft control automation technologies, it is necessary to evaluate their effectiveness in a comprehensive manner. A methodological toolkit is proposed that allows one to evaluate the effectiveness of such technologies from an economic point of view, taking into account changes in the cost of pilots’ wages when implementing the technology and other costs. Using the proposed tools, an analysis of the conditions for the effective implementation of intelligent automation of aircraft control at the level of the air transport system was carried out. That is, a search is made for such passenger turnover values when the capacity of the markets that are opened by new technologies is non-zero when comparing dependencies. One of the dependencies shows at what maximum cost per passenger kilometer passengers will make a certain volume of flights, and the second shows the minimum acceptable cost per passenger kilometer at which aircraft manufacturers are ready to supply aircraft that allow a given volume of flights. It is concluded that increasing the degree of automation of aircraft control will be justified with the growth in the scale of the market for aviation works and services.
- Korneenko V., Rameev O. Methods of local and integral multilevel aggregation estimates of objects measured in different types of scales
In the tasks of multi-criteria assessment and selection of objects with a multilevel structure, the initial data characterizing the objects are usually measured in different scales. In this regard, the use of additive convolution for the end criteria of a hierarchical tree reflecting the multilevel structure of objects is correct only for estimates of objects represented or transformed to a single homogeneous scale. The article introduces the concept of weight in the quantitative scale of the relations of the criterion (k-1)-th level of the hierarchical tree, determined by the sum of the weights of the subcriteria of the k-th level. In this case, the application of the procedure for calculating global normalized weights, which are commonly called coefficients, at each level of the hierarchy through a multiplicative convolution of local coefficients lying on the path from the root vertex is correct. The proposed method of local aggregation of estimates of objects with a multilevel structure has an important property, namely: the adequacy of the ordering of objects at any vertex of the hierarchical structure of criteria for calculating aggregated estimates in a quantitative, ordinal (rank) scale. It is shown under what conditions the integral method of aggregated estimates based on global coefficients of the end criteria coincides with the local one. The advantages of the local method are visibility, the ability for analysts to understand and control intermediate results, and greater objectivity of calculated estimates at the root vertex of the hierarchical tree. The essence of the methods and their comparison is shown by the example of a multi-criteria evaluation of information materials.
- Rey A., Kalashnikov A. Complex information risks assessment. I: A brief overview of approaches and methods
Complex information systems (in particular, Internet of Things systems) are characterized by various types of uncertainty. Among them, one can distinguish the uncertainty of the values of individual factors for assessing the state of the system as a whole, the uncertainty of the mutual influence of system elements on each other, as well as the uncertainty of the dependence of the risk of the system as a whole on the values of local risks — as characteristic of this class of systems. The existing methods of assessing information risks of complex systems do not take into account the listed types of uncertainty at the same time. At the same time, since uncertainty is the reason for the deviation of the system from the target mode of operation, the need to take into account at least its main types when assessing risks is obvious. The proposed article contains a brief overview of existing approaches to risk assessment of information systems, as well as an analysis of the possibility of taking into account the above types of uncertainty within each of them. Based on the results of the analysis, the integrated assessment method was chosen as a promising one, originally developed for the mechanism of integrated assessment of organizational systems, and in recent years it has been increasingly used for risk assessment, including in information systems.
- Galyaev A., Dolgushin P. On redistribution of targets between interceptors in moving targets traveling salesman problem
The paper considers a moving target traveling salesman problem (MTTSP) with rectilinearly and uniformly moving targets. Parameters of the targets’ law of motion such as initial positions, velocities and motion directions considered to be known. Within the framework of the general formulation, a private subtask is considered -- task on the redistribution of targets between two traveling salesmen (interceptors). Time criterion is used as an optimization criterion. Time criterion here is maximum operating time of two interceptors. Assuming that the optimal plan for bypassing targets for one interceptor is known, the task is to find the optimal plan for each of the two with a given initial target configuration. Thus, the under study problem differs from the general MTTSP in having some additional information. For considered problem two algorithms for redistributing targets are proposed, statistical analysis of both of them is carried out and the results of their work are presented. The first one is more precise but is slower. The second one is faster because of less precision.
- Promyslov V. Availability model based on network calculus for data flow processing system
The work examines the problem of assessing accessibility in digital computing systems focused on flow data processing, Availability is considered in the context of the confidentiality, integrity, availability (CIA) model of information security, Availability is characterized by the fact that it is a “point” assessment of the time characteristics of a system, its function or element, To assess availability, a three-level reference model is proposed, associated with different representations of the system at the architectural and functional levels, The formulation of the model is considered within the framework of the network calculus theory (NC), which makes it possible to apply this model to calculate the accessibility of digital computing systems in practice, To test the model, the work analyzes the availability of the system on a mock-up of a digital computing system with competitive processing of streaming data on the server, The possibility of calculating system parameters for various disciplines of processing competing threads on the server is shown.
- Salomatin A. Development of a method for controlling unmanned aircraft systems taking into account the IP code in the task of cargo transportation
The paper is devoted to the development of a method for controlling unmanned aerial systems taking into account the IP code in the task of cargo transportation. A short review of works devoted to methods and algorithms of group control of unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) in cargo transportation is carried out. New mathematical models and method of control of heterogeneous group of UAVs in the task of cargo transportation are proposed. The basis for their development is the consideration of the IP code for the formation of meteorological constraints of the route network. The first and second characteristic digits of the IP code allowed us to determine the limitations of the influence of rain, snow and snowdrifts. These phenomena can have serious consequences for UAVs in flight, leading them to various kinds of malfunctions. The decision maker (DM) can select the UAV for the mission with the required IP code digits, thus reconfiguring the unmanned aerial system (UAS) and forming more effective solutions from the management point of view. A computational experiment is conducted to confirm this statement. For the considered areas, the application of the new method, taking into account the IP code for the UAV, allows to improve the efficiency estimation in comparison with the existing method.
- Novikov D., Gubanov D. Analysis of the terminological structure of control theory
A glossary of fundamental concepts is crucial for standardizing terminology, supporting education, and fostering interdisciplinary research, enhancing mutual understanding and effective communication in the field. In control theory, experts from the Institute of Control Sciences of the Russian Academy of Sciences developed a concept system that encompasses 1047 terms, each with a name, translation, and description, including references to other terms. This study aims to analyze the interconnections between the system's key network characteristics and validate the glossary's systematicity and principles of concept selection: hierarchy, balance, significance, and modularity. We confirmed the hierarchical organization of terms and identified clearly defined groups with established hierarchical structure of references. The research noted a reduction in the terms' structural significance and an increase in complexity when moving through the hierarchy from top to bottom, indicating modularity and balance. The analysis validated the terms' significance by their frequency of occurrence in control theory texts.
- Geraskin M., Ivanova M. Optimization of the bank's loan portfolio taken into account of market risk based on the Lagrange multipliers method
The article considers the problem of forming an optimal portfolio of commercial bank loans. The subject of the study is the mechanism of bank profit formation through lending to individuals. The relevance of the research topic is due to the fact that at present, in the conditions of increasing competition in the financial services market, one of the urgent tasks of banks is the optimization of loan portfolios. One of the ways to solve this problem is to develop a mathematical model that will allow effectively managing the loan portfolio and optimizing financial risks. An optimization model has been developed and statistical data have been analyzed, on the basis of which regression models are compiled, and the limitations taken into account in the model have been analyzed. The conditions for optimizing the bank's loan portfolio are proposed, allowing for maximizing the bank's profit. Optimization models allow choosing such shares of lending types that maximize the bank's total profit from lending to individuals. A set of conditions for the optimal loan portfolio has also been determined, providing a limit on the risk of interest rate volatility, which is one of the types of market risk. The results of numerical experiments on the example of PAO VTB Bank are presented, showing the economic effect of the proposed developments. The obtained results and the developed models of loan portfolio optimization can be used for planning of the banks' activities. The conducted research expands the scientific framework of understanding the importance of applying optimization processes in compiling the loan portfolio by banks.
- Dranko Î., Rezchikov A., Stepanovskaya I., Bogomolov A., Kushnikov V. Power of the organization: rating criterion
In today's digital economy development, rating is becoming one of the main tools for assessing the growth and development of organizations. It is based on the analysis of a set of financial and non-financial indicators of their activities in the interests of forecasting potential trends in their development in the future. Examples include competitiveness, doing business, innovation rating, credit rating, investment attractiveness rating. High positions of enterprises according to these ratings mainly indicate their successful development. At the same time, rating is playing an increasingly important role, focused on direct support for managerial economic decision-making. An urgent problem of improving rating methods is the search for criteria for assessing the ability of enterprises to mobilize their resources to obtain the effect of return on investment in their development. This study aimed at developing a theoretical and methodological approach to rating organizations as the most important subjects of economic activity that form the country's GDP. The article considers the problem of determining investment points. The authors introduce a generalizing economic indicator called the "power" of the organization, and the methodology for calculating it. Actual data demonstrate the relationship between the "power" indicator and the value of the indicators of investment (invested capital) and income. The authors show that for the largest organizations in the country, the component of assets plays a decisive role. The subproblem of the influence of the indicator under consideration on investment resources is considered. Calculations carried out on the basis of open data of Russian organizations of the Federal Tax Service of Russia illustrate the proposed methodology.
- Andrianov A., Andrianova O. Assessing the quality of neutronics parameters adjustment: an overview of approaches and recommendations for their use
The article presents a comprehensive review of state-of-the-art approaches to diagnosing and assessing the quality of data assimilation results in neutronics modeling problems. Despite the widespread use of data assimilation procedures worldwide to refine the parameters of neutronics models based on reactor experiment results there is a lack of attention given to the issues of diagnostics and quality assessment in this specific area. This stage is crucial in ensuring the reliability and accuracy of assimilation results. By adhering to relevant recommendations, it is possible to avoid obtaining non-physical solutions, minimize compensatory effects when adjusting initial data, and include contradictory experiments in the analysis. The article discusses the most popular metrics and approaches for assessing the quality of covariance data, as well as indicators of informativeness and similarity between reactor physics experiments and the target object. It also covers methods for identifying contradictory experiments and diagnosing the quality of the solution using various statistical indicators. The article highlights the areas of application for different metrics and approaches, as well as their advantages and disadvantages, providing recommendations for their use.
- Kataev D. Prospects of measurement-based Lyapunov modal analysis
The problem of stability estimation for modern electric power systems (EPS) remains particularly relevant due to the trends in the development of generation and consumption structures. Lyapunov Modal Analysis (LMA) combines two approaches to stability analysis of systems and EPS in particular: modal analysis and spectral decompositions of Lyapunov functions. This work continues the investigation of the possibilities of conducting measurement-based Lyapunov modal analysis. The main problem is numerical evaluation of the performance of such modal analysis implementation depending on the identification method used and the values of its parameters. The work proposes a method for such evaluation, refines the conclusions of previous research, and demonstrates the influence of non-linear distortions of the identified signal on the result. Additionally, the work suggests further directions for the development of this area.
- Pavlov B., Karshakov E., Goldin D., Volkovitsky A. Technology of bench calibration of tensor magnetogradient measurement systems
A technology for bench calibration of a tensor magnetogradient measuring system is proposed. The proposed algorithms are based on assessing the influence of a reference magnetic source, described by the spatial distribution of the scalar magnetic potential, on the calibrated magnetogradiometer. Algorithms have been developed for additional calibration of vector sensors, which must be performed at a point with a minimum magnetic field gradient or in a solenoidal field. An algorithm has been developed for estimating the position of the base sensor, which consists of sequential rotations of the magnetogradient measuring system around its center with a stationary calibrated field source. An algorithm has been developed for estimating the direction of the dipole moment vector for a known position of the sensor relative to the field source. An algorithm has been developed for estimating the position of vector sensors relative to the base one. An algorithm for calibration technology for a tensor magnetogradiometer has been developed. The implementation of the described calibration technology in conjunction with the calibration technology of existing magnetic induction sensors made it possible to ensure the calibration of all parameters of the magnetogradient measuring system and the determination of the exact relative position of the sensors and the relative orientation of all sensitivity axes.
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