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- Zhilyakova L., Kuznetsov O. Modeling of neurons and their interactions. Overview of approaches and methods
The article contains a detailed overview of mathematical models of neurons and neural interactions. Models are divided into two large but unequal classes: “electrical”, which pay attention only to electrical processes, and “heterochemical”, in which the main emphasis is on the chemistry of the neuron, on its chemical inputs and outputs. The first class of models is much broader because it has a longer history. It contains models of neurons of varying complexity: from the simplest (McCulloch – Pitts model) to very complex ones, such as the Hodgkin – Huxley model and its modifications. Models of the second class belong to a relatively new developing direction in neurobiology and neuroinformatics. Their number is not very large yet. At the end of the article, the asynchronous heterochemical model proposed by the authors together with colleagues from the Trapeznikov Institute of Control Sciences of RAS and the Koltzov Institute of Developmental Biology of RAS is briefly described.
- Lagovsky B., Rubinovich E., Yurchenkov I. Solving the problem of super-resolution using a model of a neural network of direct propagation
The problem of increasing the efficiency of control of moving objects using new algorithms that improve the quality of images obtained during the survey of space is considered and solved. A significant improvement in quality is based on the achievement of angular resolution, tens of times higher than the Rayleigh criterion. Angular super-resolution provides separate observation of several objects that are not resolved by direct observation, and the accompanying increase in image clarity makes it possible to capture previously unnoticed details of images of complex objects. On this basis, the probability of correct solutions to recognition and identification problems increases. To provide angular super-resolution, the problem of creating a neural network has been solved. For multi-element receiving and transmitting measurement systems, an extrapolation method for achieving angular super-resolution is proposed and justified. The basis of the method is the extrapolation of the values of the complex amplitudes of the received signal by individual elements of the receiving devices outside the measuring system. Thus, a larger virtual system is created, for which its own Rayleigh criterion is fulfilled. As a result, the effective angular resolution increases in proportion to the increase in the size of the virtual system. Comparative results of mathematical modeling of the neural network and other extrapolation methods are investigated and presented, the limits of applicability of the method are determined.
- Trefilov P., Romanova M. Formation of reliable navigation information in the tasks of orientation and navigation of autonomous robotic devices using the infrastructure of intelligent transport environment
In the context of the development of intelligent transport environment, the accurate positioning of autonomous robotic devices plays an important role. In this article, the authors present a method of orientation and navigation of robotic systems with the possible use of intelligent transport environment infrastructure. The algorithm of robot orientation and navigation in the intelligent transport environment describes the process of data collection, processing, filtering, interpolation and extrapolation to determine the robot's location and route planning. The method of formation of the priority mode of on-board navigation complex operation under conditions of information redundancy of navigation parameters is proposed. The method represents the optimization problem of selecting the operating mode of the on-board navigation system, which at the moment of time has the most accurate estimation taking into account the external conditions. The article also touches upon the concept of measurement results reliability. The criteria of measurement information reliability to ensure the effectiveness of decision-making in the management of measurement processes are highlighted. The approach to determining the reliability of navigation and measurement information on the basis of the method of statistical decision theory of marginal values of measurement results is described. This approach allows to analyze quickly enough the received measurement information by statistical indicators and to estimate the degree of reliability of the results.
- Gorbaneva O., Mikhalkovich S., Ougolnitsky G. Models of resource allocation in a hierarchically controlled tree-like dynamic system with consideration of opportunistic behavior of the agents
This article is devoted to the building and investigation of SPICE-models of reproduction and allocatioï of a resource in a hierarchically controlled tree-like dynamical system with consideration of possible opportunistic behavior of the agents. An original concept of balance relations for the resource is proposed. A general structure of the model for a three-level control subsystem is described. investigation of specific cases of the mentioned models are presented. Illustrative examples of the analytical and numerical investigation of specific cases of the mentioned models with different information structure of dynamic games are presented.
- Komanich N., Chernov I., Shelkov A. Scenario technologies in managing the development of the Russian Federation Arctic zone oil and gas complex
The paper deals with the scenario study of the problems of increasing the effectiveness of managing the Russian North socio-economic development in the context of sanctions pressure. As a research tool, a developed mathematical model of scenario simulation and forecasting is used. The main advantage of scenario approach is the possibility of foreseeing the most important events in the process of large-scale systems development managing, as well as evaluating management decisions efficiency and identifying new opportunities to achieve the set of management goals in conditions of incomplete information and uncertainty. Based on signed digraphs mathematical model a scenario research technology has been developed, which is the basis of a designed simulation modeling software complex. A basic multifactorial scenario model for managing the development of natural resources of the Russian Federation Arctic zone has been designed. The results of the study of the developed scenarios in particular, showed that in difficult economic situation caused by external sanctions pressure, the most effective is a management strategy based on an expansion of the scale of financial and other types of support for oil and gas projects implemented in the Russian North by various economic entities.
- Lorits E., Gubar E. An evolutionary game with environmental feedback and players' opinions
Evolutionary games are a developing sub-field of game theory. This branch of game theory is used in the study of the adaptation of large, but finite, populations of agents to changes in the environment. It assumes that each agent has no significant influence on the system. Many scientific areas use the theory of evolutionary games. In particular, it is used in biology, medicine and the modelling of wireless networks. In this paper we study an evolutionary game with two levels of interaction between population agents. At the first level, changes in the population state depend on changes in the environment and on increasing or decreasing the resources available to the agents. At the second level, the population's state changes according to how the agents evaluate the state of the environment. These levels make up a decision-making structure with two levels. A change in one parameter of the system, for example the state of the environment, causes a change in the other elements of the system, that is, a change in the state of the population and the opinions of the agents. The study involves the analysis of a modified evolutionary game taking into account the influence of the environment and the opinions of the agents. It also involves the development of computational methods in MATLAB and two sets of numerical experiments.
- Maryasin O., Plohotnyuk A. Energy consumption optimization of enterprise with local generators and energy storage devices
This paper considers the energy consumption optimization for an enterprise using both the centralized power grid, local generators and energy storage systems. To solve this problem, the authors suggest a heuristic algorithm for the energy consumption optimization of an enterprise, including the solution of a linear programming problem. To reduce the risks of significant discrepancies between the scheduled and actual power consumption profiles, one can use the optimal energy consumption scheduling algorithm with a moving scheduling horizon. The optimal energy consumption scheduling problem solved in this paper has additional restrictions that can result in the smoothing of the optimal power consumption profile of the enterprise, provided the power of local generators and storage devices is enough. This facilitates the implementation of such energy consumption profile of the enterprise, since it does not require a sharp change in operating modes, reconfiguration of equipment and changes in the intensity of work of enterprise personnel. The heuristic algorithm proposed by the authors makes it possible to implement additional conditions, and, at the same time, avoid reducing the optimal energy consumption scheduling problem of the enterprise to a linear-integer optimization problem. This article provides an example of energy consumption optimization for a small enterprise featuring two power consumers, as well as various local generators and power storage devices.
- Roslyakova N., Volkov A., Tishkov S. Innovative systems of the Russian Arctic regions: structural features, development scenarios and aspects of management (application of the DEA methodology)
The purpose of this work is to identify the features of structural relationships between elements of innovation systems that are relevant for the formation of effective models for managing the innovative development of the Arctic regions. The study used the DEA analysis (Data Envelopment Analysis) tools. The objects of the study are regions that are fully or partially included in the European part of the Arctic zone of the Russian Federation (AZRF). Model 1 considers “research costs” and “technological innovation costs” as cost (input) parameters, and “emissions of pollutants into the air”, “labor productivity”, “number of developed technologies”, “number of technologies used” as resulting (output) parameters. In Model 2, the cost (input) parameters are: “research costs”, “technological innovation costs”, “emissions of pollutants into the air”; the resulting (output) parameters “labor productivity”, “number of developed technologies”, “number of technologies used”, “volume of innovative products”. As part of the results obtained, a methodological approach is proposed to identify the types of structural relationships between elements of the regional innovation system (RIS) using DEA tools. The effectiveness of the interrelationship structures between the elements of the RIS that have developed in the regions under consideration has been assessed. Scenarios for transition from actual to optimal values of RIS parameters have been developed.
- Kruglov S. Speed PD controller with wide robust propertiesfor overhead crane control
Control of overhead crane trolley is considered in task of cargo movement along one horizontal axis to specified point with damping of angular oscillations and possibility of parry of external disturbances, for example, wind ones with provision of specified quality characteristics. It is assumed that the crane is equipped with a servo motor capable of quickly tracking the specified speed of movement of the trolley. This corresponds to the use of modern asynchronous servo motors. An automated control system is considered, which assumes the presence of a crane operator. It is proposed to build a PD-regulator, which forms the specified speed of the trolley. It is built on the basis of a linearized single-pendulum model of cargo movement depending on the speed of the trolley. Includes proportional part by error of linear movement of crane bogie and differential part by angle of suspension deviation from vertical with low-frequency filtration. The justification of the synthesis of the parameters of the PD-regulator is proposed in stages, by considering four of its options. The peculiarity of the PD-regulator parameters selection is that all of them are based on the passport data of the crane and the drive, on the specified qualitative parameters of the transient process, as well as at the distance of cargo movement. The closed-loop control system at a fixed setting has robust properties in a very wide range of variations in crane and cargo parameters, covering the possible modes of crane use in practice, is able to counteract external disturbances. The results of model studies are presented.
- Krygin A., Kupriyanov B. Finding critical nodes in a transportation network based on constructing a closed region
The problem of finding critical nodes in a transportation network is considered, which is solved by maximizing the generalized cost of travel, which depends on the demand for movement and the cost of travel between each pair of network nodes. The proposed method in the paper is an improvement of exhaustive search, the main difficulty of which lies in the repeated computation of the matrix of minimum travel costs. The method consists of extracting a closed set of vertices from the original graph. The extraction of a closed set of vertices allows for graph reduction, decomposition of the corresponding matrices, and separate computations of sub-matrices. These transformations have helped reduce computations during the search for options. A general algorithm for finding critical nodes has been constructed and optimized. The closed set is divided into an internal and boundary subset. It has been shown that the algorithm works fastest with a minimum size of the boundary subset and an optimal size of the internal subset, for which a corresponding algorithm has been proposed to determine. An algorithm for constructing and expanding the closed set is also proposed, based on which an approximate algorithm for finding the optimal closed set is constructed. It has been shown that the complexity of finding the optimal closed set is much lower than the complexity of the improved exhaustive search method.
- Matyushenko S., Samouylov K. Laplace -- Stieltjes transform of the peak age of information for the case when packet transmission is modeled by a PH|PH|1|r queueing system with FCFS discipline
This work is devoted to the analysis of Peak Age of Information (PAoI) -- the metric used in 5G mobile cellular communications for remote groups monitoring and mamgement at the control center. Currently, in the operation of the queuing system PH|PH|1|r, the Laplace -- Stieltjes transform of the PAoI has been obtained. The PAoI presents the time between the generation of updates at the source and the delay in their delivery across the network and assumes that only timely received updates can reflect the current state of the system. When analyzing technical information transmission systems, it should be taken into account that the PAoI metric is significantly different from the delay measured at the time instants when the packet reaches its destination. The new PAoI metric is defined for an alternative time, that complicates its analysis. To check the correctness of the analytical results, they were compared with special cases of the queueing system M|M|1|1, as well as with the results of a simulation analysis of the queueing system with distributed cases of phase type.
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